Non-deflecting roll.



B. D. COPPAGE.

NON-DEFLECTING ROLL.

APPLICATION miv 1AN.19.1915.

Patented Jul y (j, 1915.

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BENIN DENVER ClPPGE, 0F WILMINGTON, DELW tf -NON-DEFLECTING ROLL.

dpplicaon led January i9, 1915i. serial No. d10?.

To all latom it may concern f Be it known that l, BENJAMIN DnNvnn Correos, a citizen of the United States of America, and a resident of Wilmington, Delaware, vhave invented a new and useful Improvement in Non-Deecting Rolls, which invention is fully set forth in the following specification.

Rolls or cylinders, for example smoothing press rolls used in paper-making machinery, are wellknown to be subjectto deflection. While deflection is frequently seriously objecticnable in a single roll., it is most troublesome in the case of two rolls working in opposition to each other and intended to apply pressure uniformly through their lengths upon materal fed thereto. Such conditions require that the sur-faces of the rolls, at their point of maximum pressur the material, shall constantly present parallelism to each other. ln paper-making machinery, in

an edort to compensate for deflection, rolls are crowned that is, they are gradually increased in diameter trom each end toward the middle. llt is very diicult to estimate with accuracy the amount of crowning required, because of' the many variable factors which enter into the computation. Therefore, it must be found by repeated trial. This finding must have regard to the par- For example, in paper machinery smoothing press rolls, such as before mentioned, inl combination with the natural weight of a roll, which weight of itself produces sag or deflection, there would be used additional weight the amount of which'would be less in first press rolls than in second press rolls, and, as a rule, more in third press rolls than in second press rolls. Furthermore crowning introduces other complicationsand objections; for example, crowned rolls tend to advance a` sheet passing fbetween the same with greater speed at the middle than at the edges with resultant strain upon the sheet. Where the crowned roll carries a Fourdrinier wire this tendency to advance the wire at greater speed at the middle than at the edges produces a strain which is likely to result in early destruction of the expensive wire. en the crowned roll carries a felt con veyer, the strain tends to close up the meshes of the felt andiprevent passage of water therethrough, necessitating the use" of spreader rolls and spng 'types ot suc,- ton boxes destructive of the nap on the felt.

Y Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented duly d, wild,

Different kinds ot paper stock and did'erent thicknesses of sheets to be made require variation of the pressure between rolls.car

rying the wire, and between other rolls carrying vfelt conveyers, to avoid wire and felt marks. This variation. in pressure gives variation in deflection and necessitates variation in the amount of crown to meet the particular marking conditions. Dicultles due to roll deflection also increase, in the paper-making art, with the increasing demand for machines capable of producing extremely wide paper; machines for producing paper up to 200 inches in width are now becoming quite common, and the demand has reached a width of 240 inches (20 feet).

The object of the present invention is to provide a construction of roll or cylinder, in which deflection will be substantially eliminated, or at least so minimized as to be practically negligible. ln other words, the object is to provide a substantially non-deflecting roll. l am aware that a roll structure having a similar object hasrbeen patented to William Love, Patent No. 886,998, dated May 5th, 1908. The structure of my present invention is, however, materially diderent, as will presently appear; is, Il believe, capable of eliminating deection to a degree impossible to attain with `said patented structure; and is, ll believe, from the standpoint of commercial practicability, tar superior to that of the patent.

The invention may be readily understood in all its details `by reference to the accom-` panying drawing representing what, at this time, l regard to be the preferred embodiment thereof.

ln said drawing z-Figure 1 is a longitudinal section on line 1--1 otFig. 2; Fig. 2 is a transverse section on line 2-2 of Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view of one of the split rings or collars on a larger scale than Figs. l and 2'; Fig. l isa similar view of one of the wedge-like rings or collars used at the ends of the beams; Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of one end of a beam; Figs. 6 and 7 are transverse 'sections` on an enlarged scale, through one of the beams on the lines 6 6 and 7 7, respectively, of Fig. l.

The roll has a central core or section 10 of suitable form; but for the sake of lightness with great strength, lf prefer to use a tubular axle, such as illustrated, with its opposite ends bored to receive the solid projectie journals l1, ll iorced into place by 'lli lll@

are formed by turning down the outer surface of the tubular core, though obviously they may be formed in other ways, as by securing separately formed collars about the core. These elevations or ridges constitute bearing points or surfaces against which rest the beams as shortly to be described.'

13 is an outercylindrical metallic shell having either .an outer smooth metallic surface or a surface covering 14 of some suitable material, such as rubber. I

15 are I-beams of suitable number positioned, when the parts are assembled, between the core 10 and the shell 13 and supporting the latter from the former. These beams are grouped about the core, extendinglongitudinally thereof, and with the body of each beam approximately radial to the axis of the core. At its inner edge, each beam has two notches 16, closely fitting the ridges `or elevations 12, respectively, and preventing endwise movement of the beam on the core. These notches have curved bottoms, as shown in Fig. 6, to fit the curvature of the ridges. To securely fix the beams in place, a clamp plate 17 vis positioned between each pair of beams at each of the ridges 12, 12, each plate overlapping the adjacent flanges of nelghboringfbeams and being secured in place by a bolt 18 entering a screw-threaded opening in its ridge, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. About the beams, between` the bearing ridges 12, there are two split collars or rings 19, `19 which, in their normal contracted position about the beams and before the latter are placed under stress'as later described, are of less diameter than `the interior diameter of the shell 13. Ring 19 engages a curved notch 20 (Fig. 7) cut in the outer flange of each beam, thereby preventing any vendwise movement of the collars 19 on the beams when the parts are assembled.

When the beams 15 have 'been assembled about and secured to the core 10, with the split collars or rings 19 in place about the beams, the assembled core and beams are of less diameter than the interior diameter of the shell 13, and are inserted longitudinall to the proper position in said shell. At bot ends each beam is slightly beveled at 21, as shown in Fig. 5. There is then inserted in each end of theshell a continuous 4wedge-like l ring or collar 22, turned on its exterior to make a neat forcing fit within the shell, and

. of such taper as to engage between the beveled surfaces 21 of the ends of the beams and the neighboring wall of the shell. These wedge-like rings are forced vinto the shell toward the middle thereof by suitable means,

23 passing throulgh the shell 13 and into salgd rings, Fig. 1. t is to be understood that the parts are so proportioned that the forc- -ing into place of the wedge-like rings 22 acts to force both ends of the beams slightly inward toward the axis of the roll, thereby causing the beams between their ends, and particularly between their bearing points on ridges 12, 12, to bow or arch outward, such action causing expansion of split rings 19, 19, into close engagement with the inner surface of the shell 13. In this manner there is imposed upon the beams an initial stress which, in the embodiment of the invention illustrated, results in a slight cambering or arching of the beams. The reflex or reaction of such initial stress, exerting strong pressure upon the shell through the bearing points or rings 1,9, 19, 22, 22, serves to very materially assist the other forces present in opposing deflection of the roll. It is well known that acoiled spring partially compressed ai'ords, because of its reflex or reaction, greater resistance to further compressing movement than would be opposed without initial tensioning. And for a similar reason, beams put under an initial stress, the reiex or reactlon of which is in a direction to oppose roll deflection, offer much.

greater resistance and opposition to such deflection than would be the case with the same beams not placed under such initial stress. An'd for this reason, it is possible to employ lighter beams, because such a beam placed under such initial stress will yield a power of opposition to deflection that would recuire a much heavier beam not placed under initial stress. After the arts have been 'assembled and the beams p aced under initial stress in the manner set forth, the ends of the roll are close'd by annular closures,'caps, or plugs 24, 24 inserted in the ends of the shell with a forcing lit, and surrounding but not touching the extreme ends of the core 10.

What is claimed is :.-f

l1. A roll or cylinder having an axial cenlib tral section, an outer tubular shell, and inmanana terposed `beams supporting the shell from said central section and extending lengthwise thereof, the parts being assembled with the beams secured under an initial stress the reaction of which assists in opposing deflection of the roll.`

4L. A roll or cylinder having a central core or axle, an outer tubular shell,l and interposed beams supporting the shell from said central section except at bearing points p spaced apart, and the parts being assembled with the beams secured under an initial stress the reaction of which assists in opposing deection of the roll.

6. A roll or cylinder having an axial central section, an outer shell, and interposed beams supporting the shell from said central section and extending lengthwise thereof, said beams being clear of the shell and central section except at bearing points spaced apart and relatively staggered on opposite sides of the beams, and the parts being assembled with the beams secured under an initial stress the reaction of which assists in opposing deflection of the roll.

7. A roll or cylinder having an axial central section, an outer tubular shell, interposed beams supporting the shell from said central section by engagement with said parts at a plurality of bearing points, and means forced and retained between the ends of said beams and the surrounding shell and bending the beams at their ends inward toward the central section, thereby placing the beams under an initial stress the reaction of which assists in opposing deflection of the roll.

8. A roll or cylinder having an axial central section, an o uter tubular shell, interposed beams supporting the shell from said central section by engagement with said parts at a plurality of bearing points, and wedge-like rings closely tting the interior of the shell and between the same and the ends of said beams, bending the ends of the beams inward toward the-central section and thereby placing the beams under an initial stress the reactlon of which assists in opposing deflection of the roll.

9. A roll or cylinder having an axial central section, an outer tubular shell, interposed beams supporting the shell from said central section, and wedge-like rings bendlng the ends of the beams inward toward the centrall section and thereby placing the beams under an initial stress the reaction ot wllich assists in opposing dellection of the ro f 10. A rollor cylinder having an axle or core, ribs or elevations around said core and spaced apart, an outer tubular shell, interposed beams bearing against said ribs or elevations and supporting the shell from i said central section, and means forced and retained between the ends of said beams and the surrounding shell and bending the ends of the beams inward toward the core, thereby' placing the beams under an initial stress the reaction of which assists in opposing deflection of the roll.

11. A roll or cylinder having an axle or core, ribs or elevations around said core and spaced apart, an outer tubular shell, interposed beams bearing against said ribs or elevations and supporting the shell from said core, one or more rings about said beams between the same and the shell, and wedge-like rings fitting closely the interior of the shell and forced between the same and the ends of the beams bending the beams at their ends inward toward the coreand thereby 'placing the beams under an initial vstress ythe reaction of which assists inopposing deflection of the roll.

12. A roll or cylinder having an axle or core, ribs or elevations around said core and spaced apart, an outer tubular shell, inter` posed beams supporting the shell from the pcore, said beams having notches in their inner edges engaging the ribs or elevations on the core, one or more rings about said beams between the same and the shell and engaging notches in the outer edges of the beamsy and wedge-like rings fitting closely the interior of the shell and forced between the same and the ends of the beams bending the beams at their ends inward toward the core and thereby placing the beams under an initial stress the reaction of which assists in opposing deflection of the roll.

In testimony whereof have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

EENJAMlN DENVER COPPAGE.

Witnesses:

EDWARD MARTIN, H. E. WELDIN.

lib 

